Nasal Blockage: Common ENT Causes & Treatments

Have you ever felt like your nose is always blocked, making it hard to breathe, sleep, or even enjoy food properly? A blocked nose may seem like a small problem at first, but when it keeps coming back or lasts for weeks, it can affect your daily comfort and overall quality of life.

Nasal blockage is a widespread health issue in India. Studies show that nearly one in eight Indians, around 134 million people, suffer from chronic sinusitis, which is one of the major causes of long-term nasal congestion. Many people live with this condition without realising that effective treatments are available.

Dr. Ananth Chintapalli, Consultant, ENT & Skull Base Surgeon at STAR Hospitals, Hyderabad

Dr. Ananth Chintapalli, Consultant, ENT & Skull Base Surgeon at STAR Hospitals, Hyderabad, throws light on nasal blockage, its common ENT causes, and the right time to seek medical care to prevent long-term discomfort and complications.

What is Nasal Blockage?

A nasal blockage, also called nasal obstruction, occurs when normal airflow through the nose is reduced or blocked. It can affect one or both nostrils and may be temporary, such as during a cold, or long-lasting due to underlying ENT conditions. Blockage usually happens because the nasal lining becomes swollen or because something physically blocks the nasal passage.

Common ENT Causes of Nasal Blockage

Nasal congestion can develop due to several reasons, ranging from infections to structural problems.

•​ Infections: Viral infections like the common cold or flu are the most frequent causes of temporary nasal blockage. Sinus infections can also cause swelling, mucus buildup, facial pressure, and headache.

•​ Allergic Rhinitis: Allergies caused by dust, pollen, mould, or pet dander can trigger inflammation inside the nose. This leads to sneezing, itching, watery discharge, and persistent congestion.

•​ Structural Problems : A deviated nasal septum, where the wall between the nostrils is crooked, can block airflow. Nasal polyps, which are soft, non-cancerous growths, may develop due to long-standing inflammation and can significantly block breathing.

•​ Enlarged Turbinates or Adenoids : Turbinates help warm and humidify air, but when swollen due to allergies or irritation, they can narrow the nasal passage.

•​ Other Causes: Exposure to smoke, strong smells, dry air, certain medications, acid reflux, pregnancy-related changes, and, rarely, tumours can also cause nasal blockage.

Common Symptoms to Watch For People with nasal blockage may experience:

•​Difficulty breathing through the nose

•​Mouth breathing

•​Reduced or altered sense of smell

•​Facial pressure or headaches

•​Snoring and disturbed sleep

•​Postnasal drip (mucus flowing down the throat)

•​Home Remedies for Temporary Relief

Simple measures can help reduce discomfort in mild cases:

•​Saline sprays or nasal rinses to clear mucus

•​Drinking warm fluids to stay hydrated

•​Elevating the head while sleeping (to avoid neck kinking)

These methods provide short-term relief but do not treat the root cause.

When to See an ENT Specialist

Medical attention is advised if nasal blockage:

•​Lasts more than 10–14 days

•​Keeps recurring frequently

•​Is associated with facial pain, fever, or thick, colouredmucus

•​Affects sleep or daily activities

An ENT specialist may perform a nasal examination, endoscopy, allergy tests, or imaging scans to identify the exact cause.

Medical and Surgical Treatments

Treatment depends on the underlying condition:

•​Medications: Antihistamines, nasal steroid sprays, antibiotics (for bacterial infections)

•​Surgical options: Septoplasty, polyp removal, turbinate reduction, or sinus surgery for long-term relief when medicines are not effective

Conclusion

Nasal blockage may seem common, but when left untreated, it can affect sleep, breathing, and overall well-being. Identifying the cause early and choosing the right treatment can help restore clear breathing and improve quality of life.

At STAR Hospitals, Hyderabad, experienced ENT specialists like Dr. Ananth Chintapalli offer comprehensive diagnosis and advanced treatment for nasal blockage and related ENT conditions. With patient-focused care and modern facilities, STAR Hospitals ensures safe and effective treatment tailored to each individual.

If you or a loved one is struggling with persistent nasal blockage, book an appointment with our ENT experts at STAR Hospitals today and take the first step towards comfortable, healthy breathing